Relevance of the Availability of Effective vaccines in Aquaculture
Vaccination is one of the most effective tools for
preventing animal diseases and for promoting animal health and welfare, safe
food production and public health. Despite their importance, there are often
challenges to ensure that suitable veterinary vaccines are available in a
timely manner on the European Union (EU) market. Veterinary vaccines play a
major role in protecting animal health by preventing and controlling serious
epizootic diseases.
They also have an impact on human health by ensuring safe
food supplies and preventing animal-to-human transmission of infectious
diseases. For environment-friendly aquaculture and human health concerns owing
to the rise in incidences of antimicrobial resistant microbes and food safety
hazards, the vaccination strategies are highly effective and economical in
protecting the health of fish and aquaculture animals from various infectious
agents.
Advancements in science have paved newer avenues in both basic and applied
research areas for developing and designing novel and effective vaccines, as well as
improving existing vaccines for rendering protection from various types of infectious
diseases.
Current advances in vaccines and vaccinology offer valuable
opportunities to discover new vaccine candidates to protect from fish pathogens
not only bacteria and virus but also against mycotic and parasitic agents, for
which vaccines are still lacking.
However, vaccination should be considered part of a
comprehensive fish health management scheme, and not the only solution for a
disease problem. Vaccination is intended for disease prevention, and not for
disease treatment, and can be thought of as “insurance.” To ensure that
vaccination will work, producers must weigh carefully the many factors that
determine whether a given vaccine will be effective in 4 a given situation (the
particular pathogen and disease, the fish species and age, fish production
methods, vaccine route of administration, and economics).
Three initial points
of discussion have been identified: possibility of using EUapproved vaccines
without using the cascade principle (free circulation), problems with the use
of DNA vaccines, harmonization in the production and use of autologous
vaccines. Some solutions on how to promote research on vaccines, the existence
of a real common market for vaccines in the EU and to facilitate their
registration will be addressed.
Reference Source: theinsightpatners.com, aac-europe, youtube
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